Medical image archiving is the academic field and methodological approach concerned with the systematic, long-term preservation, storage, management, and retrieval of digital medical images generated by various diagnostic modalities. This domain investigates the design, implementation, and optimization of systems and standards, such as Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS), to ensure data integrity, security, accessibility, and efficient integration within clinical workflows and research environments, thereby underpinning clinical decision-making, education, and legal compliance.